THE ECONOMIC POWER OF THE JUYBAR KHWAJAS IN THE BUKHARA KHANATE: FACTORS OF FORMATION AND SOCIO-POLITICAL INFLUENCE

Abstract

This article examines the main factors behind the formation of the economic power of the Juybar Khwajas in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries and evaluates its impact on the socio-political life of the Bukhara Khanate. Drawing on historical sources, including Matlab al-Talibin, Manaqib-i Sa'diyya, royal decrees, and other documentary evidence, the study analyzes their landed properties, waqf endowments, commercial activities, tax privileges, suyurghal grants, and relations with the ruling elite. The findings demonstrate that the economic strength of the Juybar Khwajas significantly expanded their political influence, contributed to social stability, and reinforced the legitimacy of the khans' authority within the Bukhara Khanate.