INTRODUCTION OF NEW RULES AND CHANGES IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLITICAL MANAGEMENT OF THE CITY OF KARSHI UNDER THE SUBORDINATION OF THE BUKHARA EMIRATE TO THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

Abstract

The article examines the socio-political and socio-economic situation of the city of Karshi and the Karshi beylik as part of the Bukhara Emirate in the first quarter of the 20th century. The article examines the specifics of administrative management, the strengthening of the political and economic influence of the Russian Empire, the activities of the Political Agency, the development of railway and telegraph communications, and the expansion of Russian entrepreneurial presence in the region. Particular attention is paid to problems of the tax system, administrative arbitrariness, corruption, land relations and the deterioration of the material situation of the population. Based on archival materials and historical sources, contradictory consequences of the changes that took place were revealed: the development of individual elements of the infrastructure was accompanied by increased external control, economic dependence, and the persistence of crisis phenomena of the traditional system of governance. It is argued that the combination of internal socio-economic problems of the Bukhara Emirate and the strengthening of Russian political and economic influence contributed to the growth of social tension and public discontent in Karshi. The study reveals the regional specifics of transformation processes in the Bukhara Emirate and clarifies the development of Karshi under the conditions of political dependence and economic transformations of the early 20th century.